Tiracola plagiata (Walker, 1857)
(one synonym : Agrotis plagifera)
Cacao Armyworm
HADENINAE ,   NOCTUIDAE

Don Herbison-Evans ( donherbisonevans@yahoo.com )
and
Ian F.B. Common & Stella Crossley

Tiracola plagiata
(Photo from: Moths of Australia)

This caterpillar is smooth and mottled black, with yellow patches on the sides of the abdomen near the front and the back. There is a hump on the tail. The caterpillars are an international pest, attacking fruit, particularly:

  • Banana ( Musa acuminata, MUSACEAE ),

    and they also feed on other agricultural crops and weeds, including :

  • Yam ( Dioscorea species, DIOSCOREACEAE ),
  • Striped Cucumber ( Diplocyclos palmatus, CUCURBITACEAE ),
  • Red Cedar ( Toona australis, MELIACEAE ),
  • Gum Tree young sucker growth ( Eucalyptus, MYRTACEAE ),
  • Purslane ( Portulaca oleracea, PORTULACACEAE ),
  • Inkweed ( Phytolacca octandra, PHYTOLACCACEAE ), and
  • Tomatillo ( Physalis ixocarpa, SOLANACEAE ).

    The caterpillar grows to a length of about 5cms. It pupates in a sparse cocoon in the soil.

    Tiracola plagiata
    (Photo: courtesy of

    The adult moths are brown, with a dark patch on the costa of each forewing. The hindwings that are plain brown fading toward the bases. The moths have a wingspan up to 6 cms.

    Tiracola plagiata
    Norfolk Island
    , 1976

    This species may be found from south-east Asia to the south pacific islands including

  • Borneo,
  • Cook Islands,
  • Fiji,
  • New Guinea,
  • Rapa Island,
  • Taiwan,
    and the northern two-thirds of Australia including
  • Western Australia,
  • Northern Territory,
  • Queensland,
  • New South Wales, and
  • Norfolk Island.


    Further reading :

    Ian F.B. Common,
    Moths of Australia, Melbourne University Press, 1990, fig. 49.17, p. 465.


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    (updated 8 August 2011)