and the introduced

(Photo: courtesy of Wes Jenkinson)

The pupa is attached to a leaf or stem by cremaster and girdle. It has a length of about 3 cms.

female
(Specimen: courtesy of the The Australian Museum)

The adult butterflies have a wingspan of about 5 cms. The upper surfaces of the wings are white. The males have a black tip to each forewing. The females have black margins around each wing, and a black dot on each forewing.

hiding under a Red Ash leaf
(Photo: courtesy of Jeff Keyes, Sportsman Creek Wildlife Refuge, New South Wales)

Underneath, the wings are cream coloured, with pale brown freckles.

egg, magnified
(Photo: courtesy of Ken Walker, Brisbane, Queensland)

The eggs are white, spindle-shaped, and ridged. The eggs have a height of about 1.5 mm. They are laid singly on a leaf of a foodplant.

underside
(Specimen: courtesy of the The Australian Museum)

The species occurs as a number of races across south-east Asia, including

and in Australia as the races

over much of Australia, including:

Further reading :

Michael F. Braby,
Butterflies of Australia,
CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne 2000, vol. 1, pp. 289-291.

William Sharp Macleay,
Annulosa,
in Philip Parker King :
Narrative of a Survey of the Intertropical and Western Coasts of Australia,
Volume 2 (1826), Appendix B, p. 458, No. 137.

Frank Jordan & Helen Schwencke,
Create More Butterflies : a guide to 48 butterflies and their host-plants
Earthling Enterprises, Brisbane, 2005, pp. 48, 66.

Carl Linnaeus,
Insecta Lepidoptera,
Systema Naturae,
Volume 1, Edition 10 (1760), Class 5, Part 3, p. 469, No. 66.

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(updated 1 January 2012, 20 October 2013, 19 March 2015, 10 June 2020, 5 September 2021)